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De Minimis Ends for All; U.S. Economy Grows; Autonomous Trucks Stay Out Past Sunset

By Mark R. Long

 

Shares of FedEx and UPS slid following word the U.S. would end the de minimis exemption. PHOTO: DAVID PAUL MORRIS/BLOOMBERG

The U.S. is scrapping the de minimis tariff exemption on lower-cost goods from all its trading partners, one of several market-stirring trade moves the White House made Wednesday.

Starting Aug. 29, packages worth less than $800 from any country, even received through the international postal network, will be subject to “all effective duties," according to a White House fact sheet on the executive order. President Trump in May halted de minimis–which fueled the rise of Shein, Temu and other e-commerce companies–for Chinese goods.

Some low-value goods will be charged an “ad-valorem” duty reflecting the duties on the origin country. Others will receive a “specific duty” ranging from $80 to $200 an item, but only for six months, after which all products will be charged the ad-valorem rate. American travelers can bring up to $200 of merchandise into the U.S. duty-free.

  • Trump said the U.S. and South Korea struck a trade pact. South Korean goods will be tariffed at 15% in return for duty-free treatment on many American products, $350 billion of investment and an additional $100 billion in purchases of U.S. energy.
  • Trump also slapped a 50% duty on copper wire, tubing, sheeting and other products, but backed off from taxing copper in its less-processed forms, such as concentrate and cathodes, as well as scrap. Copper futures plunged on the news. The levy will apply to the copper content in some other goods, but not the entire value of the product, and no copper tariff will be added to levies on autos.
  • In another executive order, Trump raised tariffs on Brazilian goods to 50% from 10%, effective in seven days. These duties will be imposed under a statute Trump used for his “reciprocal tariffs,” which are the subject of a high-stakes federal appeals court hearing today. Orange juice, airplanes, some metals, fuels and other key Brazilian imports will be exempt from the tariff.
  • India also came into Trump's sights, with the president saying the U.S. would impose a 25% tariff on the nation’s products. He added India would face a “penalty” for buying Russian arms and energy as part of a package that would kick in after Trump's Aug. 1 reciprocal-tariff deadline.
 
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Economy & Trade

Notes: Seasonally and inflation-adjusted annual rates; forecasts are an average of all survey responses. Sources: Commerce Department (actual); WSJ survey of economists (forecasts)

Trade swings and consumers who keep spending are helping the U.S. economy grow again, though there are signs of caution. U.S. gross domestic product rose at a seasonally and inflation-adjusted 3% annual rate in the second quarter, the Commerce Department said, up from the first quarter’s 0.5% contraction.

The Journal’s Harriet Torry writes that, taken together, the two quarters show an economy that is growing, but more slowly. Consumer spending increased at a 1.4% pace in the second quarter, though that growth was offset by weaker business outlays. Another important measure–final sales to private domestic purchasers–showed that combined demand from businesses and consumers softened.

Trade boosted the headline GDP number by nearly 5 percentage points, the most on record going back to 1947, as imports plunged after businesses front-loaded purchases in the first quarter.

  • The Federal Reserve held rates steady for a fifth straight meeting but faced rare dissents from two officials seeking an immediate cut. (WSJ)
  • The number of U.S. homes going under contract unexpectedly fell in June. (WSJ)
  • The Bank of Canada left its main interest rate unchanged but signaled another rate cut might be necessary. (WSJ)
  • Chinese leaders signaled they would refrain from rolling out more major stimulus for now, as authorities pivot to addressing excess capacity in the economy. (WSJ)
  • The eurozone economy slowed in the second quarter, but showed resilience in the face of higher U.S. tariffs. (WSJ)
  • Mexico's economic activity gained momentum with industrial production and services recovering from a weak start to the year. (Dow Jones Newswires)
 

Quotable

“Businesses are very cautious—they don’t know the road map and so they’re driving in the right lane very slowly."

— Beth Ann Bovino, U.S. Bank's chief economist
 
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Logistics Technology

Aurora Innovation’s driverless trucks operate at night between Dallas and Houston. PHOTO: AURORA INNOVATION

Autonomous trucks have passed another milestone: heading down the highway after dark. The Journal’s Esther Fung writes that an advance with Aurora Innovation’s Lidar system allows the startup’s trucks to identify objects from more than three football-field lengths away.

Aurora’s trucks hauling food and dairy products between Dallas and Houston still have a human behind the wheel, just in case. So do the autonomous trucks from Kodiak Robotics, which operate on highways, sometimes at night. Kodiak has driverless trucks serving frackers around the clock on leased roads–not highways–that don’t have a person on board.

Proponents say autonomous trucks are safer and more reliable than human drivers. Skeptics say they can’t manage more complicated environments, such as congestion or bad weather. Aurora is aiming to clear its next hurdle—driving in the rain—by the end of the year.

 

Number of the Day

514,279

Total carload and intermodal-unit rail traffic in the U.S. for the week ended July 26, up 1.1% from the same week last year, according to the Association of American Railroads

 

In Other News

Ford Motor paid more than $800 million in tariffs last quarter and is pressing for lower levies on parts and materials. (WSJ)

Canadian Pacific Kansas City posted higher profit and revenue, as it shipped 7% more volume. (WSJ)

South Korea’s LG Energy Solution secured a $4.2 billion deal to supply Tesla with lithium iron phosphate batteries for three years. (WSJ)

Airbus confirmed its full-year aircraft-delivery and financial targets but said its forecasts still excluded any tariff impact. (WSJ)

Renault appointed its head of procurement, Francois Provost, as its new chief executive. (WSJ)

Porsche and Mercedes-Benz posted dramatic declines in profit, hit by tariffs and a collapse in Chinese luxury sales. (WSJ)

Diana Shipping swung to a profit despite a softer market as the bulk carrier slightly increased charter rates. (Lloyd’s List)

The market for skilled warehouse and logistics workers is tightening as demand rises, according to an analysis of more than 1 million job postings. (DC Velocity)

Air Canada's cargo revenue grew 10% in the second quarter from a year earlier. (Air Cargo News)

Canada’s first major LNG-export facility is having technical problems as it ramps up production. (Reuters)

Teekay Tankers posted a drop in earnings and said it had bought five vessels since May. (TradeWinds)

Bollinger Shipyards has started contract talks with the U.S. Coast Guard for the building of at least 10 fast response cutters. (gCaptain)

Florida's Carroll Fulmer Logistics, which owns more than 400 trucks and 1,700 trailers, is closing after 71 years. (The Clermont Sun)

 

About Us

Mark R. Long is editor of WSJ Logistics Report. Reach him at mark.long@wsj.com. Follow the WSJ Logistics Report team on LinkedIn: Mark R. Long, Liz Young and Paul Berger.

 
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