Expanded oxidation techniques

We've extended our chemical oxidation methods to include electrochemistry and photochemistry. This complements the existing chemical oxidation conditions and biotransformation approaches we use to make oxidised metabolites of drugs and oxidised degradants of API manufacturing batches.

Blocking metabolic soft spots

Could late-stage fluorination help block metabolic soft spots in your molecule? We can fluorinate drugs that contain hydroxyl groups, or hydroxylated metabolites of drugs where undesirable or excessive oxidation at certain positions has been observed during metabolic stability studies.

Missing Metabolites 

Accounting for metabolites is a key activity in drug development programs. Sometimes biotransformations result in metabolites that might not be spotted initially. Reasons for these “missing” metabolites are described in this paper, along with real case studies and advice on how to best to “expect the unexpected”.

Unusual biotransformations

This compilation of 10 case studies arising from work done by scientists at Genentech gives an insight into some interesting and unusual biotransformation reactions at play in drug metabolism, resulting in the formation of novel metabolites. Emphasis is placed on understanding observations in terms of reaction mechanisms.