When Prohibition was repealed in late 1933, authorities soon realised that alcohol was a major cause of people dying on the roads: in Chicago, drunk-driving deaths quadrupled in the first six months of 1934 compared to the year before. By 1938, a biochemist at Indiana University, Dr Rolla N. Harger, had developed a device that was tested by the Indiana State Police. When people asked Harger the name of his device, he jokingly said the “Drunkometer” – a name that stuck. There was also the Alcometer, developed in the early 1940s by Leon Greenberg and Frederic Keator, and the Intoximeter, used by the LA Police Department. All compared the ratio of carbon dioxide and alcohol in a person’s breath to pre-mixed alcohol solutions, which were then translated to equivalent
measurements in the blood.
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