Editor's note

When pilot and computer scientist Carlos Varela was flying a Cessna from New York to Virginia a few years ago, his instruments suddenly told him his plane was going dangerously slow. He didn’t panic, and noticed that other sensors on his plane confirmed it was merely an airspeed sensor failure, not a real emergency. Varela is now using this experience to help other pilots.

Speaking of fails, any baseball fan or player will tell you that umpires are far from perfect. But how many mistakes do they actually make? With a team of graduate students, Boston University management professor Mark T. Williams analyzed more than 4 million pitches from the past 11 seasons to put the arguments to rest by testing the accuracy of ball and strike calls.

The idea of legalizing recreational marijuana has also led to arguments over how the change would affect taxes, youth and crime. Researchers have been carefully observing states like Colorado and Washington to see how whether making pot legal is actually worth the hassle. Here’s what the data tells us so far.

Jeff Inglis

Science + Technology Editor

Top stories

Planes have many sensors, supplying all kinds of useful data. vaalaa/Shutterstock.com

Too many airplane systems rely on too few sensors

Carlos Varela, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

A pilot and researcher knows that airplanes are full of sensors – and finds a way onboard computers can use the data to detect equipment failure and tell pilots what's a real emergency and what's not.

Umpire Quinn Wolcott signals a strike out during an at-bat by Toronto Blue Jays’ Josh Thole. AP Photo/Ted S. Warren

An analysis of nearly 4 million pitches shows just how many mistakes umpires make

Mark T. Williams, Boston University

Umpires don't need to be replaced by robots, but some troubling findings indicate that they could use a little help.

More states are giving marijuana the green light. r.classen/shutterstock.com

Does legalizing marijuana help or harm Americans? Weighing the statistical evidence

Liberty Vittert, Washington University in St Louis

Before marijuana was legalized, people argued over how it would affect taxes, crime and teens. But only now is there enough data to settle some of these debates.

Economy + Business

Arts + Culture

Education

Science + Technology

  • The replication crisis is good for science

    Eric Loken, University of Connecticut

    Rising evidence shows that many psychology studies don't stand up to added scrutiny. The problem has many scientists worried – but it could also encourage them to up their game.

Ethics + Religion

Politics + Society

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  • Pet owners want to be masters, not servants – which is why we value dogs more than cats

    Colleen P. Kirk, New York Institute of Technology

    Pet owners spend a lot more on dogs than cats, and new research suggests it has a lot to do with how differently canines and felines behave.

  • Sitting and diabetes in older adults: Does timing matter?

    John Bellettiere, University of California San Diego; Andrea LaCroix, University of California San Diego; Matthew Mclaughlin, University of Newcastle

    Researchers are learning even more about how a sedentary lifestyle is bad for our bodies. A recent study shows a link between sitting patterns and diabetes in older people.

  • Understanding tornadoes: 5 questions answered

    Paul Markowski, Pennsylvania State University; Yvette Richardson, Pennsylvania State University

    Tornado forecasting has greatly improved in recent decades, but these dangerous storms can still take communities by surprise. Two meteorologists explain what causes tornadoes and how to stay safe.

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