Editor's note

A year of extreme weather kicked off with the so-called Beast from the East, which blew freezing Siberian winds across much of Europe and almost caused Britain to run out of gas. Even life below the waves wasn’t safe, as thousands of starfish were left stranded in surreal and apocalyptic scenes along the Yorkshire coast. At the same time, the Arctic was enjoying freakishly warm temperatures – this was no coincidence.

But the UK soon warmed up, and within a couple months was enjoying one of its longest and most intense heatwaves ever. While some animals struggled in the heat, Britain’s reptiles were loving life. Across Europe it got even hotter, with record breaking temperatures of nearly 50°C in Spain and Portugal.

Are 2018’s intense storms and heatwaves a sign of things to come? Worryingly, one climate scientist predicts that rogue Atlantic hurricanes will increasingly “get lost” and head northwards to the British Isles. And as for next summer, we’re not quite in “Hothouse Earth” just yet, but we did ask an expert what we can do to prepare for the next heatwave.

Will de Freitas

Environment + Energy Editor

‘Beast from The East’ – the science behind Europe’s Siberian chill

Gareth Dorrian, Nottingham Trent University; Ian Whittaker, Nottingham Trent University

No matter how cold it is, you're lucky you don't live on Venus.

Thousands of starfish have washed up dead after the ‘Beast from the East’ – here’s why

Coleen Suckling, Bangor University

Extreme weather led to starfish mass strandings along beaches in Kent and East Yorkshire.

‘Beast from the East’ and freakishly warm Arctic temperatures are no coincidence

Peter Inness, University of Reading

But it's too early to tell whether climate change is to blame.

Wildlife winners and losers in Britain’s summer heatwave

Paul Ashton, Edge Hill University

It's a bumper year for lizards, a mixed bag for butterflies and a dismal time for frogs and toads ...

Hothouse Earth: here’s what the science actually does – and doesn’t – say

Richard Betts, University of Exeter

We're still not sure whether the "hothouse" is speculation – or destiny.

Parts of Spain and Portugal are more than 46℃ – here’s what is going on

Glenn McGregor, Durham University

And how long before such extreme heatwaves become the 'new norm' across the region?

Three (and a half) reasons why it has been so hot and dry in the UK and Ireland

Len Shaffrey, University of Reading

A climate scientist explains what is going on with this heatwave.

Five things the UK must do to prepare for the next heatwave

Candice Howarth, University of Surrey

Serious heat is a serious threat, and people must get better at talking about it.

 

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