Editor's note

Locals lounge outside crowded cafes in the sunbathed square, while energetic children playfully evade their parents' control. Shady respite is offered by historic souks, the covered marketplaces where political and religious divides are set aside, and thriving trade is the order of the day. The blare of car horns echo through narrow alleyways, mingling with the melody of the call to prayer which issues from the minarets of ancient mosques.

This would have been a familiar scene in Syria's cities. But as the country's conflict enters its seventh year, it is a painful memory of what has been lost. Two architects – Ammar Azzouz and Ataa Alsalloum – avoid feeling powerless by turning to the future. Here, they share their advice on how to revive their hometowns of Homs and Damascus, and their hopes for reconciling the Syrian people.

Emily Lindsay Brown

Cities Editor

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Chaoyue Pan/Flickr

Rebuilding Homs: how to resurrect a city after six years of conflict

Ammar Azzouz, University of Bath

By following these three lessons, Homs can re-emerge from the Syrian conflict an even greater city than before.

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