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Zambia’s first multiparty elections in 1991 were largely peaceful, while Kenya’s in the following year were marred by large-scale state-instigated electoral violence. Why are some countries prone to experiencing electoral violence, while others remain peaceful during their polls? Johan Brosché, Hanne Fjelde and Kristine Höglund explain how history plays a role.
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Supporters of Zambia’s president-elect Edgar Lungu in 2016. The country is known for peaceful polls, but this one was marked by clashes.
Dawood Salim/AFP via Getty Images
Johan Brosché, Uppsala University; Hanne Fjelde, Uppsala University; Kristine Höglund, Uppsala University
Political legacies generated during authoritarian rule have a tendency to transcend into the multiparty era.
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Politics
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Theunis Roux, UNSW
The proposed amendment to the constitution represents a critical juncture in South African constitutional politics.
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Adriaan van Klinken, University of Leeds
Desmond Tutu is by far the most high-profile African, if not global, religious leader to support lesbian and gay rights, and he has done so since the 1970s.
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Health + Medicine
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Sunday Olakunle Idowu, University of Ibadan
There are cost-effective solutions to the problem of sub-standard drugs in Nigeria and other low-income countries.
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Faridah Hussein Were, University of Nairobi
Unregulated and hazardous lead acid battery manufacturing and recycling plants are often adjacent to residential areas, agricultural and grazing lands.
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From our international editions
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Susanne Becken, Griffith University
We analysed what the world's top 58 airlines – such as American Airlines, British Airways and Qantas – are doing about climate change. Even the best airlines are not doing anywhere near enough.
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Chusu He, Coventry University
Thousands of Chinese producers are at risk of going bust as a result of the outbreak.
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Saloni Kapur, Lancaster University
India has rejected recent offers on mediation over Jammu and Kashmir. But it should think again.
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Lisa Fazio, Vanderbilt University
Images without context or presented with text that misrepresents what they show can be a powerful tool of misinformation, especially since photos make statements seem more believable.
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En español
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Daniel Castillo Hidalgo, Universidad De Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
La configuración militar de Senegal y la importancia del puerto de Dakar dieron lugar a numerosas operaciones de manipulación de carga. Los estibadores desempeñaron un papel central en este proceso.
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Natalia Ochoa Ruiz, Universidad Camilo José Cela
La decisión de devolver a sus países de origen a los refugiados y desplazados por causas climáticas o por desastres naturales vulnera el derecho a la vida, según la ONU.
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