Editor's note

Two decades ago, Lake Turkana in Kenya’s northern arid regions was declared a World Heritage Site for its unique wildlife breeding habitats and astonishing fossil records. But today the lake and surrounding parks are under threat and have been placed on the World Heritage’s “In Danger” list. Sean Avery argues that both Ethiopia and Kenya are to blame – Ethiopia for developments on the Omo River, and Kenya for failing to manage the parks properly.

And in other stories, our experts investigate what happens to the human mind underground, why extinction processes have sped up, and how Islamic State has kept going despite all attempts to stop it.

Moina Spooner

Commissioning Editor: East Africa

Top stories

How Ethiopia and Kenya have put a world heritage site in danger

Sean Avery, University of Leicester

Lake Turkana's status as a World Heritage Site hasn't protected it from environmental threats.

Thai cave boys: the psychology of surviving underground

Sarita Robinson, University of Central Lancashire

The looming prospect of a long stay in the cave has increased fears for the boys' mental health.

Energy + environment

Extinction is a natural process, but it's happening at 1,000 times the normal speed

Elizabeth Boakes, UCL; David Redding, UCL

The Earth is losing more and more biodiversity every day, and we should all be worried

How to fight desertification and drought at home and away

Andrew Slaughter, University of Saskatchewan

Desertification is a problem of global proportions. If action isn't taken now, it will accelerate and fuel further migration and conflict.

Politics + Society

Support for refugees increases when refugees participate in integration programs

Paul van Lange, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Robert Böhm, RWTH Aachen University

Scholars who study trust and cooperation designed a game to find out what it would take to get citizens to support refugees coming to their country.

Islamic State has survived 100,000 bombs and missiles and is still active

Paul Rogers, University of Bradford

The wars against Islamic State and al-Qaida show that military responses may seem to work in the short term but don’t change much in the long run.

Business + Economy

Trade rules are deeply flawed but Trump’s tariff fixation is hurting America and the rest of the world

Kevin P. Gallagher, Boston University

So far, he has not given any hints that his team is hatching a parallel set of economic policies that will benefit all Americans, let alone the world economy.

How to judge the success of the BRICS summit? Three questions will do the trick

Danny Bradlow, University of Pretoria

The 10th BRICS Summit will be judged by how it tackles the prevailing global political and structural challenges.