Editor's note

Rwanda’s recent history has been shaped by colonisation, a mid-20th century revolution, independence and a genocide. But, argues Filip Reyntjens, it’s important to look back even further to get to a true understanding of the country, particularly the way in which power was structured as well as the role of the state in people’s lives. In the UK the BBC is showing a new drama that features the small east African country. While portrayals of Rwanda in film and television can often spark controversy, Jonathan R. Beloff thinks that Black Earth Rising provides a nuanced look at post-genocide political events.

From other corners of the continent academics looked at various political developments. In Kenya David E Kiwuwa argues that a referendum being mooted is a really bad idea. And in South Africa Leila Patel sets out new research showing shifting patterns in what’s pre-occupying voters. From Ghana Justice Tankebe lifts the lid on the use of violence by police.

Turkish prosecutors described how Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi was strangled and dismembered in the Saudi Consulate in Istanbul. Sahar Mohamed Khamis says that a significant part of the murder is that the media is finally paying attention to the dangers faced by Saudis, Egyptians and Syrians who call out oppressive regimes in the Middle East – many of whom remain vulnerable to kidnappings and murder

Julius Maina

Regional Editor East Africa

Rwanda's history

Except during the relatively brief period of colonial rule, Rwanda was, and is, a violent society. EPA/Olivier Matthys

A look back in history provides fresh insights into Rwanda today

Filip Reyntjens, University of Antwerp

Throughout the entire period, central political power has been almost absolute.

BBC/Forgiving Earth Ltd/Des Willie

Black Earth Rising: a nuanced portrayal of Rwanda’s complex post-genocide history

Jonathan R. Beloff, SOAS, University of London

The BBC drama about Rwanda tackles post-genocide events in a way few dramas or documentaries have done before.

Politics + Society

Why the clamour for a referendum in Kenya is ill- timed and ill-advised

David E Kiwuwa, University of Nottingham

Weary Kenyans are entitled to wonder if the latest referendum push will be any different from the past two.

South African voters are moving beyond party loyalty: they want delivery

Leila Patel, University of Johannesburg

South African voters are worried about how their country is being run. Most still support the ANC but in far fewer numbers.

What drives police violence in Ghana, and what can be done about it

Justice Tankebe, University of Cambridge

Poor supervision, poor training, and unfair treatment of lower-ranked officers make misconduct more likely to happen among Ghana's police force.

Jamal Khashoggi’s murder finally brings media attention to plight of Arab world’s exiled critics

Sahar Khamis, University of Maryland

Will it embolden or neuter the Arab world's autocratic regimes?

Health + Medicine

How our red blood cells keep evolving to fight malaria

Sant-Rayn Pasricha, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute

Today, human populations carry heavy genetic marks from the war with malaria. And it is the red blood cell (erythrocyte) that mostly bears the scars.

260 million people and less than 1000 psychiatrists, Indonesia’s mental health worker shortage

Susy K. Sebayang, Universitas Airlangga; Marty Mawarpury, Universitas Syiah Kuala; Rizanna Rosemary, University of Sydney

Indonesia should start investing in mental health care and ensuring that each Puskesmas has enough human resources to detect, treat and care for people with mental disorders.