The average U.S. city generates only about $21 per person from fines.

But some make far more. “Even seemingly colorblind policies, like a $90 traffic citation for speeding, can have outcomes that are very much not colorblind,” writes Akheil Singla of Arizona State University. His new study shows that cities with larger black populations tend to make far more from traffic citations, forfeitures and other minor fines.

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How much does your city make from traffic tickets and other fines? vchal/Shutterstock.com

Cities with more black residents rely more on traffic tickets and fines for revenue

Akheil Singla, Arizona State University

A study looked at fines in 93 California cities. Cities with more black residents and more disproportionately white police forces tended to rely the most on fines.

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