Editor's note

The Supreme Court next week will hear arguments on a case that appears to address a narrow question – whether the state of Washington has to replace culverts that block salmon migration. The outcome could have broad implications. American Indian law scholar Monte Mills from the University of Montana explains how this long-running case could affect other tribes’ historical treaty rights and provide “legal ammunition” to tribal movements around the country.

Night owls of the world may want to pay attention to a recent study by scholars Kristen Knutson and Malcolm van Schantz. People who go to bed late and sleep late have long had problems adjusting to the schedules of the early risers of the world. Now, there’s evidence that night owls may also live shorter lives.

Wisconsin Republican Rep. Paul Ryan announced this week he was retiring. Ryan is the 115th Speaker of the House. Political scientist Rachel Caufield of Drake University explains the role and how it has changed since the first speaker assumed the office in the 18th century.

Martin LaMonica

Deputy Editor

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Culverts installed for roads have led to a decline in salmon, which Northwest Indian tribes were ensured access to by treaty. AP Photo/Ted S. Warren

Supreme Court case tests weight of old Native American treaties in 21st century

Monte Mills, The University of Montana

A Supreme Court case deals with the narrow issue of tribal salmon fishing rights in the Northwest, but raises fundamental questions about justice for American Indians.

Night owls, or people who have a hard time waking up in the morning, face health risks as a result. aslysun/Shutterstock.com

Night owls may have 10 percent higher risk of early death, study says

Kristen Knutson, Northwestern University; Malcolm von Schantz, University of Surrey

Pity the poor night owls of the world, who already must adjust to a life that doesn't align with their natural sleep patterns. Now it appears that being a night owl even raises the risk of death.

Speaker Ryan is leaving the House.

What does the Speaker of the House do?

Rachel Caufield, Drake University

Paul Ryan, the Republican speaker of the House, just announced his retirement, and the race to replace him started before his announcement. What is the speaker's role? How has it changed over history?

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Ji-Young Lee

American University School of International Service

Ji-Young Lee