Two years ago, a village in Canada – not known for its deserts or extreme heat – recorded an astonishing temperature of 49.6C. That was thanks to a heatwave so extreme that scientists had thought it impossible, even under climate change.

Nicholas Leach and colleagues have studied these statistically implausible heatwaves and have identified the regions most at risk in future. Surprisingly, Leach says places like India that we already associate with severe heat aren’t among those most at risk, since countries tend to prepare for the most extreme event within living memory. He instead points out that some countries have so far been lucky but, as a result, are less likely to be prepared for an unprecedented heatwave in the near future.

We also look at the 30km of “peace walls” that still separate some Catholic and Protestant areas of Belfast – more now than at the time of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998 – and the complex challenges of removing them.

Plus, we are partnering with philosophy and music festival HowTheLightGetsIn on the theme of Error and Renaissance, to bring you a special event exploring cognitive biases and how you can break negative cycles. Join Anders Sandberg, Pragya Agarwal and The Conversation editors Miriam Frankel and Matt Warren. Hay-on-Wye, 26-29th May. Readers can get 20% off tickets using the code CONVERSATION23. As an appetiser, Sandberg takes a fascinating look at whether we can use AI as extensions of our brains to avoid repeating very human errors.

Will de Freitas

Environment + Energy Editor

Ed Connor / shutterstock

‘Statistically impossible’ heat extremes are here – we identified the regions most at risk

Nicholas Leach, University of Oxford

Afghanistan and Central America have growing populations, limited resources, and the potential for more extreme heatwaves.

David Cordner/Alamy

Belfast has more peace walls now than 25 years ago – removing them will be a complex challenge

Teresa García Alcaraz, Queen's University Belfast

Belfast’s peacewalls are psychological reminders of the sectarian divisions that have long existed in the city.

Napoleon could have learned from the past. painting by Adolph Northen/wikipedia

AI can process more information than humans – so will it stop us repeating our mistakes?

Anders Sandberg, University of Oxford

We can now store information outside of our brains, and use computers to retrieve it. That ought to make learning and remembering easy, right?

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