G7 leaders are meeting in an emergency virtual summit today to discuss how to respond to events in Afghanistan. Evacuations continue but the Taliban has rejected calls to extend the rescue mission beyond its current August 31 deadline.

Then what happens? Does everyone just walk away? Those in charge seem at a loss as to what to do next. Sten Rynning has been studying western interventions for a long time and has some uncompromising advice. It begins with admitting defeat and adopting a more realistic stance on what is possible in a suddenly changed world.

Sleep researchers have revealed new findings that add to our understanding of what makes us nod off, and this could also shed light on what helps to keep us awake. And as the Paralympics kick off in Tokyo, we look at how the games have evolved over the years.

Laura Hood

Politics Editor, Assistant Editor

EPA

Afghanistan: western powers must accept defeat and deal realistically with the Taliban

Sten Rynning, University of Southern Denmark

The US, Nato and the EU must support stability on the ground, even if it’s not the type of stability they wanted.

The ‘hourglass’ tracks how much sleep we’ve had. namaki/ Shutterstock

Feeling tired? Here’s how the brain’s internal ‘hourglass’ controls our need for sleep – new research

Lukas B. Krone, University of Oxford; Vladyslav Vyazovskiy, University of Oxford; Zoltán Molnár, University of Oxford

Our study is the first to show that the cortex regulates sleep.

Kurt Freanley of Australia wins the men’s T54 5000-meter final in just over 10 minutes at the Athens 2004 Paralympic Games. Bob Daemmrich | Alamy

Tokyo 2020: how the Paralympics have evolved from rehabilitation to spectacle

Christopher Brown, University of Hertfordshire

Since the Games’ post-war beginnings, the Paralympics have become the second-largest mega-event in the international sporting calendar. Is the core purpose being lost?

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