The Conversation

On Monday, at around midday, my ceiling fan stopped spinning. We had also lost the wifi, lights, fridge and, somewhat alarmingly, phone signal. As snippets of bemused conversations drifted up from the street below it became apparent first that the whole neighbourhood had lost power, and then gradually that all of Valencia had. And then that Spain and Portugal were in a blackout. With no internet and thus no work to keep me busy, I ventured out to see what had become of the world.

I expected the apocalypse, but what greeted me was quite serene.The street terraces were packed, the local park was full of sunbathers and children playing, and the absence of traffic lights made motorists uncharacteristically cautious. Many of my Valencian neighbourhood’s smaller, less tech-dependent fruit and veg shops were open and bustling. When I tried to buy courgettes and peppers, I ended up playing a convivial game of “guess the weight” because the shop’s electronic scale was out of action.

While the disruption was extreme – especially for people caught travelling or trapped in elevators – it seems my experience was far from unique. The general public across the peninsula managed to stay calm, and this attitude, coupled with preparedness and quick, coordinated action by the Portuguese, French and Spanish authorities, prevented an emergency from turning into an all-out catastrophe.

Investigations into the root cause of Monday’s outage are ongoing, but current signs point to a combination of weather anomalies and fluctuating energy supply. Many were quick to point the finger at a cyber-attack by hostile foreign powers, but there is currently no evidence to back this up. However, these kinds of attacks are increasingly wielded against businesses, who can often struggle to save face and regain trust as a result.

As the world takes stock of Trump’s first 100 days in office, we would do well to heed the words of Melissa Butcher. In this illuminating article, she takes a look at Amy Buller’s 1943 book Darkness Over Germany to find out how ordinary Germans made difficult decisions about whether to stay or go during the early days of Nazism, and draws stark parallels to her own interviews during Trump’s re-election campaign.

Alex Minshall

Editor, Valencia

Spain and Portugal power cut: how public and official responses have prevented this energy emergency from becoming a crisis

Mar Rubio Varas, Universidad Pública de Navarra

Robust systems, decisive moves by the authorities and responsible reactions from the public were all responsible for averting catastrophe.

Spain-Portugal blackout: what could have caused it, and how can we prevent another?

Carlos Gutiérrez Hita, Universidad Miguel Hernández

A power surge caused a massive nationwide power cut, but the root cause is still unclear.

Cyberattacks: how companies can communicate effectively after being hit

Paolo Antonetti, EDHEC Business School

An effective communication strategy after a cyberattack can help a company position itself as a victim – if the strategy includes a commitment to affected consumers and employees.

What Liberal Mark Carney’s election win in Canada means for Europe

Katerina Sviderska, University of Cambridge; Leandre Benoit, University of Oxford

From defence to trade and climate, Canada and the European Union share deep economic and strategic ties. What does Mark Carney’s victory mean for the Canada-EU relationship?

What interviews with ordinary Germans living under the Nazis can teach us about our current politics

Melissa Butcher, Royal Holloway University of London

Amy Buller’s Darkness of Germany describes the difficult decisions Germans faced as fascists took over their country – including whether to flee or stay and fight.

Ventotene manifesto: why European politicians are arguing over a 1941 document written by a group of imprisoned Italian antifascists

Edoardo Vaccari, London School of Economics and Political Science

As European nations discuss closer defence collaboration, a document proposing a federal Europe has become the subject of heated arguments.

People wait outside a closed metro station in Barcelona, Spain, during the blackout. Emilio Morenatti/AP

Did ‘induced atmospheric vibration’ cause blackouts in Europe? An electrical engineer explains the phenomenon

Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian, Swinburne University of Technology

Whatever caused the blackout in Spain and Portugal, it highlights the vulnerabilities in some electricity grids.