We can all remember the sky during the Covid-19 lockdowns. I was in London at the time, and it was as if someone had polished the heavens clean – the usual moving dots and contrails were gone and the blue expanse above was suddenly clear.

Could this be the future? Citing rarely discussed figures by Airlines for Europe, the EU’s largest airline association, philosopher Fausto Corvino notes the cost to airlines of complying with new climate norms will be 13 to 14 times higher in 2030 than in 2019. This would spell the end of low-cost air travel as we know it – no more cheap getaway weekends to Ibiza, in other words.

The problem is that these rising costs won’t deter the rich from turning to private jets. To Corvino, who researches the ethics of climate change, this is a loophole in the principles of the just transition at the heart of European climate laws. In this week’s article, he tells us why it’s critical for policy-makers to enrol everyone in the climate effort, and points to some initiatives underway to do so.

Georgia is on a dangerous path to autocracy, after the government passed a bill requiring NGOs receiving 20% or more of their funding from abroad to register as “foreign agents”. The legislation, which could hamstring civil society and jeopardise EU membership for the country, has inspired thousands to take to the streets – in the capital Tbilisi, but also Kutaisi in the centre to Batumi on the coast. Natasha Lindstaedt explains how the mammoth demonstrations tie into the country’s unique history of protests stretching back to the Soviet era.

Other pieces we liked this week include an article tracing the links between humanity’s vulnerability to multiple sclerosis and migration patterns from Siberia to Western Europe some 5,000 years ago. You can also learn how, more than 80 years after For Whom the Bell Tolls was published, the works of Ernest Hemingway and Robert Capa continue to define the Spanish war.

Natalie Sauer

Editor, The Conversation Europe, and "En anglais"

Europe’s climate laws could spell the end to low-cost flights - but what about private jets?

Fausto Corvino, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)

Current loopholes in EU climate laws would allow affluent private jet passengers to maintain their polluting lifestyle, while the lower and middle classes are compelled to give up low-cost flights.

Georgians rally against controversial ‘foreign agents’ bill – it’s the latest chapter in the country’s long history of political protest

Natasha Lindstaedt, University of Essex

Georgia seems to be particularly prone to activism, distinguishing it from its neighbours in the Caucasus and Central Asia.

What links our Siberian ancestors to a heightened risk of developing multiple sclerosis?

Antonio González-Martín, Universidad Complutense de Madrid

The prevalence of certain ancient genome in Northern Europe makes people prone to developing autoimmune conditions.

How Sicilians are resetting their social norms to strengthen future generations against mafia influence

Baris Cayli Messina, University of Lincoln

The idea is to create a new culture in which passive compliance with racketeering and extortion is not the default.

How 17th century refugees used the printing press to fight their oppressors – and laid the foundations of modern humanitarianism

David de Boer, Radboud University

Sharing eyewitness accounts of atrocities is a powerful way of gathering international sympathy, and it has a long history.

Spanish Civil War: how the works of Ernest Hemingway and Robert Capa still define the conflict today

Miguel Ángel de Santiago Mateos, Universidad CEU San Pablo

Well known foreign correspondents often put their own ideological spin on the Spanish Civil War.

How farming could change in a post-growth world

Handan Vicdan, EM Lyon Business School

Scholars believe vertical farming, the practice of growing crops in stacked pots in vacant spaces, could be well suited to degrowth values.