Everything changed. We started this year with what felt like a wild optimism for scientific exploration and discovery. We're ending it still trying to figure out what COVID-19 means at different levels  and how this new world order affects our everyday lives.

But one of the things that is glaringly clear is the role that science plays in our decision-making, and how studying and learning about the world informs all the ways in which we engage with it.

This has been a year where technology has become inextricable from all aspects of our daily lives. We've paid extreme and close attention to the scientific research that has gone into studying COVID-19 and producing a vaccine. There is a newfound and growing appreciation for scientific discovery and all the ways in which it facilitates everything we need to do. But this isn't without its implications and our top Science +Technology stories of the year reflect that.

This year, we've published 185 Science + Technology articles which have been viewed more than seven million times. One of our top stories was by social media researchers Anatoliy Gruzd and Philip Mai, who looked at the role of social media in the spreading of COVID-19 conspiracy theories. Another story that reflects what goes into the science of discovery was written by virologist Karen Mossman, whose lab isolated SARS-CoV-2 — the virus that causes COVID-19. And an extremely popular article contained the answers to all the questions you wanted to ask public health professor Craig Janes, like how long the virus lasts on surfaces (depends on the surface) and whether asymptomatic people could still spread the virus (they can).

But it wasn't all coronavirus all the time over here. Biologist Thomas Merritt wrote about the science of coffee, one of the world's most popular drinks (and one of the biggest changes in consumer trends this year, with people shifting to making coffee at home rather than buying it at coffee shops). That article was translated into French, Spanish and Indonesian.

Another of our most popular stories this year had to do with a flesh-eating parasite that was making its way into the United States and Canada, where veterinarians had reported a handful of cases of Leishmania in dogs that had been travelling or living outside North America.

With the production of several COVID-19 vaccines, we're heading into 2021 with renewed optimism. But if this year has taught us anything, it's that (a) all bets are off, and (b) scientific research remains our greatest hope.

Until next year, all the best.

Nehal El-Hadi

Science + Technology Editor

The Year in Science+Technology

Conspiracy theorists are falsely claiming that the coronavirus pandemic is an elaborate hoax

Anatoliy Gruzd, Ryerson University; Philip Mai, Ryerson University

Hospitals have requested that people avoid non-emergency visits, and conspiracy theorists are posting images of empty parking lots online as false proof that COVID-19 is an elaborate hoax.

I study viruses: How our team isolated the new coronavirus to fight the global pandemic

Karen Mossman, McMaster University

By isolating SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, researchers can now work on developing tests, treatments and vaccines in Canada.

Coronavirus FAQs: Can people without symptoms spread COVID-19? How long does it live on surfaces? What cleaning products kill the virus?

Craig Janes, University of Waterloo

With offices shut down, people staying at home and hospitals bracing for an influx of patients, many people are unsure of what's safe and what's not.

The biology of coffee, one of the world’s most popular drinks

Thomas Merritt, Laurentian University

How does one of the most popular drinks in the world actually work on our bodies?

A flesh-eating parasite carried by dogs is making its way to North America

Victoria Wagner, Université de Montréal; Christopher Fernandez-Prada, Université de Montréal; Martin Olivier, McGill University

Importing dogs into Canada has also introduced a flesh-eating parasite that is transmissible to humans. Veterinarians, researchers and public health officials should work together to curtail the disease.

Historical photo of mountain of bison skulls documents animals on the brink of extinction

Danielle Taschereau Mamers, McMaster University

Historical photographs of bison extermination are a window into a history of relationships between humans, bison and the environment.

SpaceX’s Starlink satellites are about to ruin stargazing for everyone

Samantha Lawler, University of Regina

SpaceX's satellites will populate the night sky, affecting how we observe the stars. And this is just the beginning of private satellite mega-constellations.

An inmate’s love for math leads to new discoveries

Marta Cerruti, McGill University

Christopher Havens came upon his love of math while in solitary confinement. A decade later, he published a paper on number theory in a top mathematics journal.