In the 19th and early 20th centuries, before the modern environmental movement emerged, Americans generally saw wild animals as threats. Hunters earned bounties for killing wolves, black bears and other native species that could attack people or livestock.

Today, many people want to protect wildlife, including predators, and help them become reestablished in areas where they once were present. In two surveys, Colorado State University researchers Kevin Crooks and Rebecca Niemiec found that large shares of state residents disapproved of hunting black bears and mountain lions – especially for purposes unrelated to public safety, such as collecting trophies or killing the animals for meat. As attitudes toward hunting shift, wildlife agencies may need to reexamine “how and for whom they manage wild animals,” the authors observe.

Also in this week’s science news:

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Jennifer Weeks

Senior Environment + Cities Editor

In Colorado, many people run, bike and climb in mountain lion habitat. DEA/ C. Dani I. Jeske/De Agostini via Getty Images

Colorado voters weigh a ban on hunting mountain lions as attitudes toward wild predators shift

Kevin Crooks, Colorado State University; Rebecca Niemiec, Colorado State University

Colorado has spectacular scenery, but it comes with wild animals, and they sometimes wander into town. A ballot measure that would ban hunting wild cats is the latest test of public views on hunting.

Fishermen on Mayotte, where the local Maore language has no words to easily translate ‘climate change.’ Mwanasimba via Wikimedia

Lost in translation: What spirituality and Einstein’s theory of time have to do with misunderstandings about climate change

Miki Mori, Université de Mayotte

On an island off Africa where one of the local languages has no established words for climate change, a researcher discovers lessons for everyone in discussing climate change.

Sunflowers use tiny movements to follow the Sun’s path throughout the day. AP Photo/Charlie Riedel

Sunflowers make small moves to maximize their Sun exposure − physicists can model them to predict how they grow

Chantal Nguyen, University of Colorado Boulder

Plants don’t just grow straight up. They can move in loopy and zigzagging ways to get more sunshine. And studying these movements goes all the way back to Darwin in the 19th century.

Wild ginseng is declining, but small-scale ‘diggers’ aren’t the main threat to this native plant − and they can help save it

Justine Law, Sonoma State University

There’s a widespread argument that ‘poachers’ are responsible for the scarcity of wild ginseng. But a scholar who has interviewed diggers explains that most of them are good stewards.

Preventive care is free by law, but many Americans get incorrectly billed − especially if you’re poor, a person of color or don’t have a college degree

Alex Hoagland, University of Toronto; Michal Horný, UMass Amherst

Patients often bear the cost of unexpected bills for basic preventive services such as wellness visits and cancer screenings.

Tiny robots and AI algorithms could help to craft material solutions for cleaner environments

Mahshid Ahmadi, University of Tennessee

Some materials react and generate potentially helpful particles when exposed to light. Analytical AI can help scientists sort through materials to find ones with this property.

What the jet stream and climate change had to do with the hottest summer on record − remember all those heat domes?

Shuang-Ye Wu, University of Dayton

As a record-hot summer comes to a close, an atmospheric scientist explains how global warming drove long periods of extreme heat.