There’s a lot of focus on the need to provide better sex education to young people. Even the federal government acknowledges we must do a better job teaching children and teens about consent, respectful relationships and safety online.

But there are some alarming gaps in their basic biological knowledge, as revealed by a new study that surveyed Western Australian teenage girls about their knowledge of ovulation, menstruation and anatomy.

Almost half of respondents didn’t know that day one of the menstrual cycle is the first day of menstruation. Fewer than 9% understood ovulation happens about two weeks before their period. More than 60% confused the vulva with the vagina.

The study’s authors, led by Felicity Roux, warn: “If patients cannot answer doctors’ basic questions, such as ‘when was your last period?’ or ‘where is this happening in your body?’, it could impact diagnoses and treatments. It also means they may not even go to a doctor, dismissing debilitating pain or heavy bleeding as ‘normal’.”

Judith Ireland

Education Editor

We found teenage girls don’t know vulvas from vaginas or when their menstrual cycle starts

Felicity Roux, Curtin University; HuiJun Chih, Curtin University; Jacqueline Hendriks, Curtin University; Sharyn Burns, Curtin University

Less than one in ten teen girls surveyed could identify when ovulation happens in a menstrual cycle – even though many of them had had their period for years.

‘It’s time to give up on normal’: what winter’s weird weather means for the warm months ahead

David Bowman, University of Tasmania

Earth’s climate has become dangerously unstable, and it’s only a matter of time before somewhere in Australia erupts in uncontrollable fire.

The NDIS is failing profoundly disabled people who are stuck in group homes. Here’s how to fix this

Sam Bennett, Grattan Institute; Hannah Orban, Grattan Institute

A new Grattan Institute report shows how the government can create innovative alternatives to group homes that cost the same or less money.

Is Iran’s anti-Israel and American rhetoric all bark and no bite?

Shahram Akbarzadeh, Deakin University

Iran’s leaders are facing a crisis of legitimacy at home, making any response to Israel’s actions a very delicate balance.

Military veterans with PTSD face an agonising choice: the stigma of declaring it to employers or being denied support

Richard O'Quinn, The University of Queensland; Emma Knight, The University of Queensland; Justin P. Brienza, The University of Queensland; Laura Ferris, The University of Queensland; Tarli Young, The University of Queensland

Many veterans keep quiet who should not. A new study is trying to work out why.

Without sanctions, making companies disclose their environmental and social impacts has limited effect

Charl de Villiers, University of Auckland, Waipapa Taumata Rau

Consumers and investors are expecting more from businesses when it comes to the environment. But new research shows transparency does not always mean companies improve their performance.

Seismic echoes reveal a mysterious ‘donut’ inside Earth’s core

Hrvoje Tkalčić, Australian National University

Like a piece of music, every earthquake has a coda – and it contains clues about what’s happening in our planet’s core.

Jane Austen’s Mr Darcy believes ‘extensive reading’ makes an accomplished woman. What else does reading mean in her work?

Gillian Dooley, Flinders University

Who was Jane Austen’s ‘model reader’? And what did she read? A witty new book by a leading Austen expert explores this and more.

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