Holiday greetings and thanks to readers and authors from the Education desk. It amazing to look back over 12 months at the range of educational research and analysis relevant to many dimensions of our lives.

Today in The Conversation Canada, Helena Osana and Vera Wagner of Concordia University with Jairo A. Navarrete-Ulloa of O’Higgins University write about how children learn about the meaning of multidigit numbers. It’s a neat example of research that considers what we might take for granted like the meaning of the number 27 (today’s date) or even 2024 (soon-to-be the year) and yields insight into the significant steps involved in learning.        

This story recalls other pieces authors wrote this year that tackled different dimensions of how providing accessible and relevant education matters from children’s earliest years onwards.  

Authors examined varied aspects of this, including the importance of anti-racist and inclusive learning to foster racial equity and inclusive classrooms. They examined standoffs in provinces across the country around affirming students’ identities and pronouns and the importance of accurate language about disability. Such stories probed how what happens in schools and also at home matters not only for supporting the healthy development of children and youth, but for healthy, equitable and democratic societies.

At the post-secondary level, both in wake of the Israel-Hamas war and also before it, authors considered the challenging problem of how universities can foster fruitful debate amid polarizing situations and a rise in expressions of hate.   

Amid these situations, an important piece of education policy is confronting our climate emergency and calls to decolonize schooling. I was reminded how learning about treaties revitalizes understanding where we are on Turtle Island and the importance of respectful relations with First Nations and whole ecologies (including eels: thinking about them was one highlight of my year).

A investigation into residential school denialism and reporting on residential schools legacies raised important journalistic and democratic questions about the far-reaching implications of being responsible and accountable for accurate narratives in a 24-hour news cycle. Like so many stories we produce, there are important follow-up angles to address. 

Please keep reaching out with story ideas. This year, Education authors devoted significant time to the meaning of teaching and learning, including with me. Thanks to you and to our team. Messages, anecdotes, patience, generosity, humour (with or without all caps) and invitations to further learning are appreciated.

Susannah Schmidt

Education Editor

Using concrete tools or objects matters for fostering mathematical development – but how can children best learn to count by 10? (Shutterstock)

How counting by 10 helps children learn about the meaning of numbers

Helena Osana, Concordia University; Jairo A. Navarrete-Ulloa, Universidad de O’Higgins (Chile); Vera Wagner, Concordia University

Findings of a study suggest using a ‘hundreds chart’ showing numbers one through 100, beginning with one in the top-left corner, fosters children’s counting by 10s.

Year in Review: Education

Children’s early learning belongs in neighbourhood schools

David Philpott, Memorial University of Newfoundland

Access to schooling for four-year-olds is inconsistent across Canada. Families need to know children are immersed in high-quality early learning, and they shouldn’t be exhausted searching for it.

Juneteenth matters for thinking about race relations in Canada and Canadian education

Jennifer D. Adams, University of Calgary

Juneteenth is not an official holiday in Canada, but it is significant for thinking about the history of race, racial relations and education.

‘Salam, Ramadan Mubarak!’: 4 ways schools can bring Ramadan into the classroom

Asma Ahmed, Niagara University

Educators in public schools can develop the identities of Muslim students and create a positive school culture during Ramadan by fostering community partnerships and introducing school activities.

New Brunswick’s LGBTQ+ safe schools debate makes false opponents of parents and teachers

Andrea Garner, University of New Brunswick; Melissa Dockrill Garrett, University of New Brunswick

Guided by policy, practice and relationships with students, families and communities, teachers are charged with helping all students thrive. To suggest otherwise is disturbing.

What exactly is ‘neurodiversity?’ Using accurate language about disability matters in schools

Michael Baker, University of Manitoba

Language used to speak about disability changes over time, and preferences shift due to advocacy and allyship, legal proceedings and empirical research.

‘Never-ending pressure’: Mothers need support managing kids’ technology use

Natalie Coulter, York University, Canada; Lindsay C. Sheppard, York University, Canada

Policymakers, tech companies and schools should all be part of conversations about how our society is responsible for the new realities of tech in the home after COVID-19 lockdowns.

Campus tensions and the Mideast crisis: Will Ontario and Alberta’s ‘Chicago Principles’ on university free expression stand?

Dax D'Orazio, Queen's University, Ontario

In Ontario and in Alberta, university decisions about balancing free expression and protection from harm will be an important test of recent university policy shifts pertaining to free expression.

Teachers need bolder action from our school boards to educate in and for a climate emergency

Karen S. Acton, University of Toronto

‘Eco-champion’ teachers face barriers in implementing climate change education. Communities and school boards can find inspiration to support them from boards with bolder climate commitments.

Revisiting the Williams Treaties of 1923: Anishinaabeg perspectives after a century

Jackson Pind, Trent University; Jack Hoggarth, Trent University

Seven Williams Treaties First Nations continue to call on the provincial government to adequately consult them when making important decisions on their lands in the Greenbelt and beyond.

We fact-checked residential school denialists and debunked their ‘mass grave hoax’ theory

Sean Carleton, University of Manitoba; Reid Gerbrandt, University of Manitoba

Contrary to what some ‘denialists’ believe, research shows that Canadian media outlets did not help circulate a ‘mass grave hoax’ regarding unmarked graves at former Indian Residential Schools.