Despite the threat of COVID-19, many people are still hoping for a family Christmas. But even if you can visit family, does it mean you should? We asked three health experts what they thought. For Lena Ciric, going home isn’t worth the risk. Socialising al fresco in winter is a non-starter and social distancing indoors will be difficult – especially after a few drinks. Andrew Lee agrees. Homes are a high-risk settings where if someone is infected, everyone else has a 20% chance of catching the virus. An infected person at a large family gathering is very likely to pass the virus on.

But as Danny Dorling argues, perhaps this isn’t our decision to make. Older family members are at a significantly higher risk than everyone else, and their views should carry more weight. For some, the chance to see loved ones will be worth the risk. For others, taking a chance when a vaccine is on the horizon is foolhardy. Both opinions should be respected, he says.

One way for governments to help meet the costs of the pandemic would be to raise taxes on the wealthy. New research suggests major tax cuts for the rich over the past 50 years have pushed up inequality without significantly improving economic growth or unemployment. This makes it harder to argue that increasing these taxes will harm the underlying economy and builds the case for tax rises to relieve current economic pressures.

We’re also marking the 250th anniversary of the birth of Ludvig van Beethoven. Karol J Borowiecki links the great composer’s creativity to his changing moods, while Aakanksha Virkar Yates explores how his music embodies the Enlightenment philosophy of freedom.

Rob Reddick

Commissioning Editor, COVID-19

Roman Samborskyi/Shutterstock

Should you visit your family this Christmas? Three experts weigh in

Lena Ciric, UCL; Andrew Lee, University of Sheffield; Danny Dorling, University of Oxford

The UK government has said that the rule allowing three households to mix this Christmas won't change – but is this wise?

Sheila Fitzgerald / Shutterstock.com

Footing the COVID-19 bill: economic case for tax hike on wealthy

David Hope, King's College London; Julian Limberg, King's College London

We find low taxes on the rich bring economies little benefit. This suggests there is a strong economic case for raising taxes on the rich to help repair public finances following the pandemic.

Portrait of Beethoven by Joseph Karl Stieler, 1820. Wikimedia

Beethoven 250: analysis of the composer’s letters proves that creativity does spring forth from misery

Karol J Borowiecki, University of Southern Denmark

Assessing around 500 of the composer's correspondence, we are able to see how a rise in sadness and other negative emotions resulted in increased creative productivity.

Beethoven statue in Vienna, Austria. Mitzo/Shutterstock

Beethoven 250: how the composer’s music embodies the Enlightenment philosophy of freedom

Aakanksha Virkar Yates, University of Brighton

In his work, many heard freedom as espoused by contemporary Enlightenment philosophers, like Immanuel Kant.

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