Ask 50 leading economists the best way to solve Australia’s skills shortage, and most won’t latch on to the quickest fix.

Only one third of the panel assembled by The Conversation and the Economic Society of Australia for this morning’s poll back immigration as the most important question to be addressed at this week’s jobs summit. Two thirds back education.

One, the architect of Australia’s university student loans scheme, describes the system of funding vocational education as “a mess”. Bruce Chapman says on one hand it charges too little to properly fund vocational education, on the other, with most vocational courses lacking university-style income-contingent loans, what it does charge puts students at financial risk.

Schools come in for special criticism. Panelists see the wide gap in outcomes between students from high and low socioeconomic backgrounds as a peculiarly Australian problem, and one we will need to fix to get a better mix of the skills we will need.

Also this morning Janine Dixon says the skills we will need are in the main not those provided by universities, and Dan Andrews previews a new report that says we would get the right people in the right jobs if we changed jobs more often.

The summit starts on Thursday.

Peter Martin

Business + Economy Editor

Is education or immigration the answer to our skills shortage? We asked 50 economists

Peter Martin, Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University

Among the top economists surveyed was the man who designed Australia’s higher education loans scheme – who described funding for vocational education as a “mess”.

The summit needs to get us switching jobs. It’d make most of us better off

Dan Andrews, Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University; Adam Triggs, Australian National University; Gianni La Cava, Macquarie University

We have fewer workers changing jobs and fewer new firms than we used to.

As the jobs summit talks skills – we predict which occupations will have shortages and surpluses in the next 2 years

Janine Dixon, Victoria University

Modelling from Victoria University finds four groups of occupations most likely to have shortages of workers or an oversupply.

Summits old and new: what was Bob Hawke’s 1983 National Economic Summit about?

Frank Bongiorno, Australian National University

Australia’s economic state in 1983 was very different from today: Bob Hawke wanted to lower expectations of government; Anthony Albanese is trying to raise them, even just a little.

The physio will see you now. Why health workers need to broaden their roles to fix the workforce crisis

Henry Cutler, Macquarie University

The greatest workforce challenge Australia faces is in health, an issue that will likely be with us for another decade. Here’s one way to fix it.

How the Ice Ages spurred the evolution of New Zealand’s weird and wiry native plants

Chris Lusk, University of Waikato

The most controversial feature of the New Zealand flora is the plethora of small-leaved trees and shrubs with wiry interlaced branches. Can a synthesis of competing explanations solve this mystery?

Thousands of photos captured by everyday Australians reveal the secrets of our marine life as oceans warm

Gretta Pecl, University of Tasmania; Barrett Wolfe, University of Tasmania; Curtis Champion, Southern Cross University; Jan Strugnell, James Cook University; Sue-Ann Watson, James Cook University

The photographs show how climate change is disrupting our marine ecosystems – sometimes in ways previously unknown to marine scientists.

Belvoir’s Tell Me I’m Here looks at the impact of mental illness on the whole family. It is a wrenching and beautiful work

Michelle Arrow, Macquarie University

Based on Anne Deveson’s 1991 memoir about her son’s experience with schizophrenia, this play can be achingly sad. But it also offers hope.

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