The 29th annual climate change conference, COP29, starts next month in Azerbaijan. Though a key part of climate discussions has been how to get polluters to pay for their greenhouse gas emissions, many of the largest continue to operate with little or no financial consequence for the damage they cause. Environmental scientist professor Llewellyn Leonard sets out the steps that COP29 needs to take to change this.

There are many myths about breast cancer, particularly in Africa with its rich diversity of people, different genetic backgrounds and ancestral histories. One of these myths is that breast cancer in African women is highly aggressive. The truth is more complicated. Breast cancer researchers address some of these myths and set out the facts.

Anna Weekes

Environment + Energy Editor

Polluters must pay: how COP29 can make this a reality

Llewellyn Leonard, University of South Africa

COP29 should end subsidies to fossil fuel companies, compel large-scale emitters to compensate affected regions and ensure that carbon taxes reflect the true cost of cleaning up pollution.

Breast cancer in Africa: myths that need to be debunked

Raquel AB Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Caroline Dickens, University of the Witwatersrand; Therese Dix-Peek, University of the Witwatersrand

Dispelling myths around breast cancer in Africa is important so that treatment care can focus on the dire socio-economic issues facing patients.

Giving feedback is a skill: 3 tips on how to do it well for students

Martina van Heerden, University of the Western Cape

Clear, actionable feedback can help students learn.

Quality of life continues to slide in South Africa’s key economic province, Gauteng – new survey

Christian Hamann, Gauteng City-Region Observatory; Rashid Seedat, Gauteng City-Region Observatory

Many people feel unsafe in their homes, and when walking in their neighbourhood during the day or at night.

Moo Deng: the celebrated hippo’s real home has disappeared – will the world restore it?

Huanyuan Zhang-Zheng, University of Oxford; Sulemana Bawa, University of Oxford

Deforestation has cast Moo Deng’s wild relatives into a hostile landscape of cocoa farms and mines.

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