Major famines killed more people in the 20th century than the two world wars. The brightest minds thought these terrible episodes were virtually a thing of the past, but then came the grim years of 2020, 2021 and 2022. Global food prices were already soaring on the back of pandemic supply problems, and now the Russia-Ukraine war has made the situation many times worse.

With the UN warning of famines in numerous countries that can’t feed themselves, economic historians Eoin McLaughlin, Chris Colvin and Matthias Blum look to previous food crises for answers. Germany’s severe shortages in 1918, the Bengal famine of 1943, and Ukraine’s devastating holodomor of the early 1930s all suggest that the world needs to swing into action immediately to avoid catastrophe.

Meanwhile, COVID cases are still stratospheric in many places, but some countries are coping far better than others. We take a look at why this is. And we put guilt under the spotlight, looking at when it can be good for you, and how to recognise when it is taking over your life.

Steven Vass

Business + Economy Editor

The holodomor memorial in Kyiv. Zuma Press Inc/Alamy

Famines: what 20th century food crises tell us about how to cope with the Ukraine fallout

Eoin McLaughlin, University College Cork; Chris Colvin, Queen's University Belfast; Matthias Blum, Queen's University Belfast

Rising food prices points to famine later this year in Ukraine and elsewhere – here’s what we can learn from the past.

Jérôme Favre/EPA-EFE

COVID: why the current surge in cases is a problem for some countries but not others

Paul Hunter, University of East Anglia

Countries that previously fared best at controlling COVID are now finding it tougher to keep cases and deaths down.

Guilt can wreck out life. Shutterstock

Guilt: when it is useful – and what to do if it takes over your life

Jolanta Burke, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences

The best way to deal with a guilty conscience is to take action that is appropriate to the situation.

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