Although conflict is an intrinsic part of human nature, war has not always existed. War requires a type of organisation that not all societies across history have been able to adopt, including the creation of institutionalised armies, the legitimisation of violence, and its development during a limited period of time. It is therefore an archaeological challenge to determine when exactly humans “invented” structured combat.

First studies conducted on skeletal remains found at the necropolis of San Juan ante Portam Latinam in Laguardia (Álava, Spain) in 1985 already documented that there were traces of violence at the site. These remains were dated to about 3200 BC.

New research has revised the previous conclusions. The results go even further and conclude that this is the oldest European site where a large-scale, organised and long-lasting conflict has been clearly documented. In other words, the first documented example of warfare on the continent has been found, almost two millennia earlier than previously assumed.

Installing giant solar farms in one part of the world could affect the climate in another. Because solar energy is limitless, we generally think that by harnessing it, we are not affecting anyone else, but that may only be true to a certain scale. Put up enough solar panels in the Sahara for example, and you could make it cloudier in Europe, making it harder for people to make the most of their own panels.

Artificial intelligence is trying to eliminate accents. It means well - trying to avoid the social effects of accent discrimination. However, this intention raises the questions of what is considered to be a “non-accent” and what is, after all, wrong with having an accent.

Claudia Lorenzo Rubiera

Culture editor The Conversation Spain / Editor The Conversation Europe

Image of the site of San Juan ante Portam Latinam (Laguardia, Álava). José Ignacio Vegas / Universidad de Valladolid

War in Europe is more than 5,000 years old – new research

Teresa Fernández Crespo, Universidad de Valladolid

New analysis of archaeological remains in Spain has revealed that warfare is at least 2000 years older than we thought.

Kertu / shutterstock

Gigantic solar farms of the future might impact how much solar power can be generated on the other side of the world

Zhengyao Lu, Lund University; Jingchao Long, Guangdong Ocean University

Solar farms that span whole countries could change the climate – new study.

Accents are one of the cherished hallmarks of cultural diversity. Bbernard/Shutterstock

Why AI software ‘softening’ accents is problematic

Grégory Miras, Université de Lorraine

While AI now allows us to erase accents, is this really a good idea? Besides, who doesn’t have an accent?