Spring is with us – and there’s nothing quite like the joy of seeing the return of flowers springing up in gardens and parks all around us. You may not realise it but you are looking at blooms that have evolved through oceans of time. In fact, as paleobiologist Ruoulin Wu writes, flowers are so old that scientists can’t agree on a timeline for when they first evolved. There is fossil evidence of flowers stretching back more than 130 million years, – and studies that analyse DNA sequences now suggest they may have originated 200 million years ago. Just for comparison, the T Rex became extinct around 66 million years ago – along with most of the dinosaurs.

Now scientists are using a new, mathematical, approach to the debate – with interesting results. A study that used a statistical model to calculate the age of flowers suggests they may have evolved alongside the dinosaurs – they’ve just proved rather better at surviving. This article is the latest in our Plant Curious series, exploring scientific studies that challenge the way you view plant life

On the subject of things which have survived against the odds, music on vinyl is once again flourishing. A fact that hasn’t escaped the notice of record companies who are cashing in with endless (and expensive) collectors items.

Meanwhile scientists in the US and China are using silk to make body armour. It’s an idea that’s been more than 200 years in gestation.

Jenna Hutber

Commissioning Editor, Science

Flowers may seem fragile but they are ancient. Kichigin/Shutterstock

Flowers may be more ancient than dinosaurs – but scientists can’t agree on when they evolved

Ruolin Wu, University of Bristol

The origin date for flowers is a source of debate among scientists – but a new approach may help bring clarity to the question.

Taylor Swift vinyl on display at a record store in Tokyo. ZUMA Press, Inc./Alamy Stock Photo

Special edition vinyl albums cause some fans delight – but others suspect a cynical marketing ploy

Glenn Fosbraey, University of Winchester

The loyalty of fans has been exploited ever since big business realised music could be commercialised.

FeyginFoto / Shutterstock

Body armour made from silk is being developed – but this apparently cutting-edge idea is centuries old

Lloyd Strickland, Manchester Metropolitan University

The concept goes back to a 17th century polymath who worked in Germany.

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