As the Russian offensive in Ukraine has stalled over the past few weeks there have been reports that disillusioned Russian troops, many of them conscripts, are refusing to follow orders, deserting and even defecting to offer the Ukrainian military vital intelligence. It’s hard to verify these reports, but the Russian military has a track record of alienating its soldiers, going back perhaps most famously to the mutiny on the Battleship Potemkin before the first world war.

In the second world war, as many as 150,000 Russian soldiers were shot for desertion (usually retreating in the face of enemy fire), and desertion became commonplace in Russia’s invasions of Afghanistan and Chechnya. Now, with morale plummeting, this pattern seems to be repeating itself.

There are few sights more stirring than a thoroughbred horse in full flow over jumps or on the racecourse. But the equine world is dogged with stories of ill treatment of these magnificent creatures. We owe it to them to train and treat them ethically. And if you find you are sore after training, here’s how to avoid the pain of muscle recovery.

Jonathan Este

Associate Editor, International Affairs Editor

Russian soldiers celebrating the annual Victory Day parade in Moscow in June 2020. EPA-EFE/Dumitru Doru

Ukraine: are reports of Russian troops mutinying and deserting true? It’s happened before

Natasha Lindstaedt, University of Essex

There are reports of very low morale among Russian troops in Ukraine.

Britain’s Ben Maher and Explosion W jumping their way to the gold medal at Tokyo 2020. Robin Utrecht/Abaca press/Alamy

Elite performance horses: why they’re supreme athletes – and how to train them ethically

Heather Cameron-Whytock, Nottingham Trent University; Carrie Ijichi, Nottingham Trent University

Horses are the supreme athletes of the large mammal world – here’s a look at the reasons why they can run so fast and jump so high.

Delayed onset muscle soreness – better known as DOMS – is a common experience for many who exercise. Branislav Nenin/ Shutterstock

Here’s why you don’t need to feel sore after a workout to know it’s worked

David R Clark, Liverpool John Moores University; Carl Langan-Evans, Liverpool John Moores University; Rob Erskine, Liverpool John Moores University

Sore muscles after a workout isn’t really a sign you’ve worked hard.

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