Looking up at the night sky can instil a sense of awe at the enormity of the universe. The science of cosmology seeks to understand the vast expanse of stars and galaxies that’s a source of endless fascination for humanity. Cosmology tackles some of the biggest questions in science, such as how we got from the Big Bang to the complex universe we see today. But answering those questions is far from straightforward.

Disagreement over key issues has led some observers to call cosmology a field in crisis. Over the next few weeks, our experts will delve into longstanding debates, drawing on the latest research and ideas. They’ll tackle topics such as dark energy, the expansion rate of the universe and a puzzle over the earliest galaxies seen by the James Webb Space Telescope.

But the uncertainties may also be opportunities to make scientific breakthroughs. Next generation telescopes due to come online in coming years could make valuable measurements that open up a whole new window on the cosmos.

Back on Earth, a melting glacier in Greenland caused a skyscraper-sized tsunami that vibrated through the entire planet in September 2023. Yet because of its remote location, no one saw it. Scientists had to reconstruct the event using satellite imagery, seismic data and simulations.

Meanwhile, care homes in England are warning that they may have to close due to changes in immigration policy. The number of care worker visas granted to people to come and work in the UK has seen recent dramatic falls. The effect has been dire for social care, which relies heavily on recruitment from overseas.

Paul Rincon

Commissioning Editor, Science, Technology and Business

Cosmology is at a tipping point – we may be on the verge of discovering new physics

Andreea Font, Liverpool John Moores University

Right now, it looks like the cosmology is at a tipping point.

The skyscraper-sized tsunami that vibrated through the entire planet and no one saw

Stephen Hicks, UCL; Kristian Svennevig, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland

This tsunami, triggered by a melting glacier in Greenland, is a sign of things to come.

Why are so many of England’s care workers migrants?

Majella Kilkey, University of Sheffield

Projections suggest that an extra 480,000 jobs will be needed in the care sector by 2035.

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